No games matching 'stroking' but maybe you were thinking of 'Star Gems 2'

Pop Star Android

Added 122 months ago by am
Views: 5112 Category: Board

Star Mania 2

Added 113 months ago by am
Views: 695 Category: Board

Bubble Star

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All Star Quarterback

Added 113 months ago by am
Views: 77975 Category: Sports

Crush Star

Added 122 months ago by am
Views: 33039 Category: Adventure

Star Colonies

Added 121 months ago by am
Views: 5774 Category: Strategy